{"id":13246,"date":"2019-05-16T09:28:00","date_gmt":"2019-05-16T09:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/?p=13246"},"modified":"2020-02-27T11:44:12","modified_gmt":"2020-02-27T11:44:12","slug":"laundry-guide-industrial-laundry-washing-procedures-and-equipment-to-evaluate-workwear","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/laundry-guide-industrial-laundry-washing-procedures-and-equipment-to-evaluate-workwear\/","title":{"rendered":"LAUNDRY GUIDE –Industrial laundry washing, procedures and equipment to evaluate workwear"},"content":{"rendered":"

The maintenance of workwear, especially if CE certified as\u00a0Personal Protective Equipment, rather than carried out by\u00a0domestic washing, it is more and more often assigned to\u00a0industrial laundries today; the choice is linked to the fact\u00a0that laundries assure workwear maintenance that is cohe\u00a0rent with the type of garment so that they guarantee the\u00a0maintenance of the performing characteristics of the garment that the producer declared. It relates to Legislative\u00a0Decree 81\/2008 on Safety that states the legal obligation\u00a0of employers to supply workers with PPE and maintain it at\u00a0an efficient level.
\nTherefore, it is extremely important that the UNI EN ISO\u00a015797:2018 regulation on \u201cTessili – Procedimenti di lavaggio\u00a0e di finitura industriale per la valutazione degli abiti da lavoro\u201d\u00a0(\u201cTextiles \u2013 washing procedures and industrial finishing for wor\u00a0kwear evaluation\u201d) has been published on the national level<\/p>\n

The regulation specifies the procedures on testing and the\u00a0tools that could be used to evaluate workwear destined\u00a0to industrial washing (Personal Protection Equipment in\u00a0cluded); the diverse washing types described by the regulation in comparison to the domestic washing are carried\u00a0out while working on bigger volumes of the material and\u00a0at higher temperatures. Also, the washing is carried out by\u00a0larger machines; all the above replicate the industrial washing at best.<\/p>\n

Washing is one of the most significant tests used in main\u00a0tenance treatments, therefore, it is crucial to evaluate its\u00a0possible negative influence on the relevant products\u2019 characteristics such as dimensional stability, chromatic characteristics, creases, seam area wrinkling, pilling and general\u00a0visual aspects. Such a possible negative influence can be\u00a0particularly serious in case of Personal Protection Equipment because it decreases the safety level of the products\u00a0defined as mandatory by Product Regulations.
\n\"\"Comparing to the previous edition, the field of application\u00a0has been modified (removed the restriction on cotton, polyester and their mixture as far as workwear goes) and new\u00a0fiber types have been introduced. The change has been\u00a0important as many workwear garments today can be made\u00a0of highly performing chemical fibers. On the basis of the\u00a0regulation modification of the application field, the differentiation of washing cycles proposed by the Charts of the\u00a0Regulation (four charts in total), according to the type of\u00a0the textile material, is carried out by distinguishing between\u00a0\u201cFull Load\u201d and \u201cReduced Load\u201d.
\n\"\"The regulation indicates the general characteristics of washing, spinning and drying equipment. The characteristics\u00a0have been defined in consideration of medium-size machines. According to the regulation, if the garment is subjected to more washing cycles, each of them is to be followed\u00a0by a drying cycle.<\/p>\n

DETERGENTS<\/strong>
\nA particularly important factor concerns a very detailed specification on washing detergents by the regulation: one containing optical bleach that cannot be used in case the chromatic characteristics evaluation is included in the treatment;\u00a0one not containing optical bleach. The clarification is new\u00a0and interesting due to the fact that the productive process\u00a0of detergents is crucial as far as their final characteristics go,\u00a0therefore it is fundamental to assure the detergents\u2019 tracea\u00a0bility in terms of a producer, batch number, production date.<\/p>\n

BLEACHING AGENTS<\/strong>
\nThere are three different types of bleaching agents\u00a0whose che\u00a0mical composition is defined by the regulation in detail; such\u00a0a composition should be determined before any use through\u00a0quantitative volumetric analysis; all of them shall be used within 30 days from the preparation. The included agents are:\u00a0peracetic acid, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide.
\nAll these oxidising substances possess different characteristics; among the three, hydrogen peroxide does not show\u00a0a particularly aggressive oxidising power whereas sodium\u00a0hypochlorite is highly aggressive on colors so it could determine shrinking or strong shrinking in some cases.<\/p>\n

\"\"In all the three cases, the bleaching effect is due to the\u00a0discharge of active oxygen (in case of peracetic acid and\u00a0hydrogen peroxide) and active chlorine (in case of sodium hypochlorite). Such activity is modulated by the PH\u00a0of the bath.<\/p>\n

WASHING PROCESS<\/strong>
\nThe regulation lists four types of processes described by the\u00a0charts. In all the cases, during the washing stage, the bath\u00a0ratio is 1:4 and the bath ratio in the rinsing stage is 1:5. The\u00a0weight ratio of the load and the volume of the drum that\u00a0contains it is defined for each of the charts. The ratio always\u00a0equals 1:12 for a full load and 1.17 for a reduced load.
\nChart 1 (present in the regulation) defines a suitable process for white workwear and color decorations tending tochromatic variations; in the process, peracetic acid is used\u00a0as a bleaching agent; it is carried out at the temperature of\u00a0\u00a075\u00b0C \u00b1 2\u00b0C and its duration is 20 minutes; there are three\u00a0rinsing stages, each of 3 minutes and a final spinning cycle\u00a0that lasts for 6 minutes.
\nThe humidity contained by the garments after washing ranges between 50% and 55% in case of the full load, and\u00a0from 35% to 40% in case of the reduced load.
\nChart 2 (present in the regulation) defines a suitable process for white workwear only; in the process, sodium hypochlorite is used as a bleaching agent, it is carried out at the\u00a0temperature of 85\u00b0C \u00b1 2\u00b0C in case of the full load and at\u00a0the temperature of 75\u00b0C \u00b1 2\u00b0C in case of the reduced load;\u00a0in both cases the duration is 20 minutes; there are 3 rinsing\u00a0stages, each of 3 minutes, and a final spinning cycle of 6\u00a0minutes. A reduction product is added to the second and\u00a0third rinsing stage (e.g. Sodium metabisulfite or Sodium\u00a0sulfite) to eliminate the chlorine residue completely.
\nThe humidity contained by the garments after washing ranges between 50% and 55% in case of the full load, and\u00a0from 35% to 40% in case of the reduced load.
\nChart 3 (present in the regulation) defines a suitable process for white workwear and color decorations tending to\u00a0chromatic variations; hydrogen peroxide is used in the process as a bleaching agent; it is carried out at the temperature of 85\u00b0C \u00b1 2\u00b0C; its duration is 20 minutes; there are\u00a0three rinsing stages, each of 3 minutes and a final spinning\u00a0cycle of 6 minutes.
\nThe humidity contained by the garments after washing ranges between 50% and 55% in case of the full load, and\u00a0from 35% to 40% in case of the reduced load.
\nChart 4 (present in the regulation) defines a suitable process for colour workwear without the use of any bleaching\u00a0agent; it is carried out at the temperature of 85\u00b0C \u00b1 2\u00b0C in\u00a0case of the full load and at 75\u00b0C \u00b1 2\u00b0C in case of the reduced load; in both cases, the duration is 20 minutes; there\u00a0are 3 rinsing stages, each of 3 minutes, and a final spinning\u00a0cycle of 6 minutes.
\nThe humidity contained by the garments after washing ranges between 50% and 55% in case of the full load, and\u00a0from 35% to 40% in case of the reduced load.
\n\"\"DRYING PROCESS<\/strong>
\nThere are two procedures listed:
\nA) tumble drying carried out at not more than 90\u00b0C; garments are considered dry when the final content of relative\u00a0humidity equals 0% \u00b1 3%
\nB) tunnel drying at the air temperature of 155\u00b0C; the garments are considered dry when they reach temperatures\u00a0between 135\u00b0C and 140\u00b0C. Attachment A (regulation) de\u00a0scribes alternative evaluation systems for drying levels that\u00a0use sensors placed near the garments or attached directly\u00a0onto the garments.<\/p>\n

CONCLUSIONS<\/strong>
\nThe\u00a0regulation constitutes a crucial reference for labs to\u00a0replicate washing conditions applied by industrial laundries so that it is possible to verify the maintenance of\u00a0the performing characteristics of garments and chose the\u00a0best possible maintenance treatment intended as the one\u00a0that obtains the best possible washing and drying results\u00a0while avoiding the slightest garment damage. In case of\u00a0Personal Protection Equipment, garment damage, as\u00a0mentioned before, is particularly risky as it can significantly lower the safety requirements that, in specific cases,\u00a0are compulsory. \u2022<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"di by Gabriella Alberti Fusi Direttore Tecnico,
\nCentro Tessile Cotoniero e Abbigliamento S.p.A.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Detergo Magazine May 2019<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The maintenance of workwear, especially if CE certified as\u00a0Personal Protective Equipment, rather than carried out by\u00a0domestic washing, it is more and more often assigned to\u00a0industrial laundries today; the choice is linked to the fact\u00a0that laundries assure workwear maintenance that is cohe\u00a0rent with the type of garment so that they guarantee the\u00a0maintenance of the performing characteristics […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13226,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1448,458],"tags":[1178,1185,1184,1093,1183,1181,1176,1179,1177,1180,1182],"class_list":{"0":"post-13246","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-laundry-guide-1","8":"category-topnews-en","9":"tag-bleaching-agents","10":"tag-centro-tessile-cotoniero","11":"tag-centrocot-gabriella-fusi","12":"tag-detergents","13":"tag-drying-process","14":"tag-hydrogen-peroxide","15":"tag-industrial-laundry-washing","16":"tag-peracetic-acid","17":"tag-procedures-and-equipment-to-evaluate-workwear","18":"tag-sodium-hypochlorite","19":"tag-washing-process"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13246"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13246\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13262,"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13246\/revisions\/13262"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.staging.detergo.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}